ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the efficacy of EEG biofeedback therapy in children with at-tention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its relationship with learning in EEG regulation. Methods Fifty-two children with ADHD who completed EEG biofeedback training from August 2015 to February 2019 entered the study according to the inclusion criteria. The children underwent standardized QEEG-based EEG biofeedback training. After 40 training sessions, the study was conducted. The children were divided into learners group (n=39) and non-learners group (n=13),and the difference between learners group and non-learners group in the improvement of ADHD symptoms before and after training was compared. Result-s After intervention,at the EEG level,the main effects of the number of interventions for θ wave,β wave, SMR and TBR(F(1,39)=538. 49,F (1,39)= 2 712. 6,F (1,39)= 7 429. 45,F (1,39)= 1. 887) were significant(P<0. 01). At the clinical efficacy level,the SNAP-IV attention deficit subscale (1. 84± 0. 59),hyperactivity/impulse subscale (0. 49±0. 30),opposite deficit resistance subscale ( 0. 96± 0. 44) and full scale (1. 07± 0. 28) significantly decreased after intervention compared with pre-intervention (respectively (2. 16±0. 56), (1. 70±0. 38),(1. 08±0. 38),(1. 63± 0. 32). The pre-and post-intervention SNAP-Ⅳ full scale and sub- scale scores of the learners group and the non-learners group were compared. Before intervention,the SNAP-Ⅳ subscale score and full scale were not significant differences between the learners and non-learners(all P>0. 05). After intervention,the attention deficit subscale score,hyper/impulsive subscale score,ODD sub-scale score(1. 74±0. 62 vs 2. 12± 0. 37,0. 48±0. 22 vs 0. 54±0. 48,0. 88± 0. 43 vs 1. 17± 0. 40) and total score of SNAP-Ⅳ scale(1. 01±0. 28 vs 1. 24±0. 18) in the learners were lower than those in the non-learn-ers, and the differences were significant except for the hyper/impulsive subscale ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusion EEG biofeedback training can significantly improve EEG activity and ADHD symptoms in chil-dren with ADHD. EEG-regulated learners are more likely to improve ADHD symptoms than non-learners.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the association between catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT)gene polymorphism and Gilles de la Tourette' s syndrome(GTS).MethodsUsing Amplification Refractory Mutation System(ARMS) PCR genotyping assay method,a polymorphism (val158met) of COMT gene was genotyped in 112 of all GTS patients ( total GTS group) including 54 GTS-alone patients group,48 GTS + ADHD patients group among of them and 71 healthy controls.The correlation between positive association of polymorphism (val158met)of COMT gene in GTS and the age of onset in patients with GTS was also analyzed.ResultsCompared with healthy controls group,genotype of val158met did not differ in total GTS patients group or alone-GTS patients group (χ2 =0.56,P=0.756;χ2 =1.05,P=0.600 respectively).There was also no significant difference (P＞0.05)in allele distribution of val158met in total GTS patients group or alone-GTS patients group compared with controls group respectively (χ2 =0.18,P=0.669;χ2 =0.29,P=0.593 respectively).However,genotype distribution of val158met was significantly different between GTS + ADHD patients group and controls group( χ2 =6.35,P =0.041 ).The frequency of the val allele of this locus was significantly higher in GTS + ADHD patients group than those in controls group ( χ2 =5.49,P =0.019 ).The mean age of onset (6.80 ± 1.54 ) in 36 children within GTS + ADHD patients group with the val/val geantype of COMT gene val158met polymorphism was significantly earlier than the mean age of onset (8.04 ± 1.54)in 12 children in val/val genotype (P =0.016 ).ConclusionPolymorphism (val158met) of COMT gene may be associated with GTS children with comorbid ADHD,which may play an important role to make the age of onset in children with GTS become earlier.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To obtain a high and stable expression analog of human basic fibroblast growth factor by genetic engineering. METHODS: The cysteins 78 and 96 of natural hbFGF polypeptide was substituted with serines by means of site-directed mutagenesis. Using pET- 3c as vector, the mutated polynucleotide was cloned and then transferred into BL21 (DE3)plysS. After induction by IPTG, the analog was obtained and analyzed by SDS - PAGE. RESULTS: After purification the form of soluble mutant increased remarkably but the forms of dimmer and higher multimer were reduced greatly to no more than 8% of the total recombinant protein. By MTT assay, the analog showed the same biological activity. This new analog represented a desirable complementation for native hbFGF to develop pharmaceutical drug in clinical use. CONCLUSION: Substitution of certain amino acids of polypeptide without altering native protein' s bioactivity to get the analog is an effective means to increase stability of foreign protein and its solubility in E. coli.
ABSTRACT
UCH-L1(ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolases L1)is a member of the carboxyl-terminal ubiquitin hydrolase family,naturally,that there is hydrolase activity,however,and that there is ligase acitivity,which is different from the other members of UCHs.UCH-L1 hydrolase activity could keep the pool of free ubiquitin and compromise the ubiquitin-dependent degradation pathway,while UCH-L1 dimerizational-dependent,ubiquityl ligase activity could produce undegradable,K63-linked polyubiquitin chains that could inhibit proteasomal activity.Therefore,UCH-L1 is involved in the more diverse physiological activities,including neuron formation,gonadal development and fertilization.Mutation of UCH-L1 is linked to the neurodegenerative diseases,such as Parkinson's disease.Moreover,abnormal expression of UCH-L1 is response to carcinogenesis in many tissue such as thyroid lung.
ABSTRACT
The first research on the NS1 protein as the non-structural protein of the type A influenza virus was emphasized on the considering of its depressant effect on the composition of the protein of host cell.And now,with deep research,the evolution of its genes and the antigenicity of its protein have been explained.The NS1 protein of influenza virus has the association with the apoptosis induced by the influenza virus,the regulating function of apoptosis has the direct correlation with possibility of producing interference and the cell line infected by influenza virus.The NS1 protein restrained to producing the interferon by infected cell.The NS1 protein plays an important role on the host anti-viral cytokine responses,it possesses nagitive regulation for interferon's antiviral activity,most observation indicated nagitive regulation might associate with the virulence of influenza virus.Furthermore NS1 protein as an inspection antigen to differentiate and diagnose the poultry which was immunized or naturally infected has a very wide prospect,because the traditional vaccine was used extensively.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To get high biological activity of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein -2 (rhBMP-2) expressed in Escherichia coli by the methods of refolding. METHODS: The rhBMP-2,expressed in Escherichia coli, was washed by Triton X- 100 and further purified by DEAE chromatography.The inclusion bodies were resolved in 8 mol/L urea, and were refolded and dimerized in the redox systems (reduced and oxidized glutathione). Finally, a one - step purification procedure based on the heparin affinity chromatography was implemented. The biological activity of purified rhBMP - 2 were tested by induction of the alkaline phosphatase activity in C2C12 cells. RESULTS: The rhBMP - 2 was expressed in Escherichia coli in a non - active aggregated form of inclusion bodies using a temperature - inducible expression system. The high - purified rhBMP - 2 was obtained in the form of inclusion bodies by several purification courses. The rhBMP - 2 was refolded and dimerized in the redox systems (reduced and oxidized glutathione) and a one - step purification procedure based on the heparin affinity chromatography was implemented to isolate the rhBMP - 2 dimers and monomers. The purified rhBMP - 2 dimers showed the higher biological activity than the commercial rhBMP - 2. CONCLUSIONS: The method achieved the refolding of rhBMP - 2 would be applied to the whole TGF - β superfamily because the BMP - 2 belongs to the superfamily. Meanwhile, the inexpensive,high yield rhBMP - 2 is suitable for clinic application.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the value of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) in the evaluation of spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Methods Forty five cases of CP children were recruited and divided, according to the diagnosis standards, into three groups: diplegia, hemiplegia and tetraplegia groups. Twenty three healthy children served as control. BAEP was recorded from all the subjects and comparisons were done among the various groups. Results The abnormality rate of BAEP in the hemiplegia and tetraplegia groups was significantly higher than that in the diplegia group ( P
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the anti-tumor and immunological effect of extracts from Thymus quinquecostatus Celak on mice transplanted S180 tumor cells. METHODS: Different doses of volatile oil and alcohol extracted substances from Thymus quinquecostatus Celak were given to mice bearing S180 tumor for 9 days. Tumor inhibition rates and coefficients of spleen and thymus were determined. RESULTS: Tumor inhibition rates of the groups with alcohol extracts (40 g crude drug.kg(-1).d(-1) and 20 g crude drug.kg(-1).d(-1)) were 51.5% (P<0.01) and 36.4% (P<0.05) respectively, and those of the groups with volatile oil (40 g crude drug.kg(-1).d(-1) and 20 g crude drug.kg(-1).d(-1))were both 39.4% (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The extracts from Thymus quinquecostatus Celak have anti-tumor activities. The coefficient of spleen in group with alcohol extracts (40 g crude drug.kg(-1).d(-1))was close to normal value, and its coefficient of thymus was between that of the negative control group and the group with cyclophosphamide (0.02 g.kg(-1).d(-1)). The anti-tumor activity of the alcohol extracts was significantly higher than that of the control group and the tumor inhibition rate was depending on drug concentration. Depending on index of immunity,the extracts from Thymus quinquecostatus Celak may have some influences on immunity.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To get high biological activity of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) expressed in Escherichia coli by the methods of refolding. METHODS: The rhBMP-2, expressed in Escherichia coli, was washed by Triton X-100 and further purified by DEAE chromatography. The inclusion bodies were resolved in 8 mol/L urea,and were refolded and dimerized in the redox systems (reduced and oxidized glutathione). Finally, a one-step purification procedure based on the heparin affinity chromatography was implemented. The biological activity of purified rhBMP-2 were tested by induction of the alkaline phosphatase activity in C2C12 cells. RESULTS: The rhBMP-2 was expressed in Escherichia coli in a non-active aggregated form of inclusion bodies using a temperature-inducible expression system. The high-purified rhBMP-2 was obtained in the form of inclusion bodies by several purification courses. The rhBMP-2 was refolded and dimerized in the redox systems (reduced and oxidized glutathione) and a one-step purification procedure based on the heparin affinity chromatography was implemented to isolate the rhBMP-2 dimers and monomers. The purified rhBMP-2 dimers showed the higher biological activity than the commercial rhBMP-2. CONCLUSIONS: The method achieved the refolding of rhBMP-2 would be applied to the whole TGF-? superfamily because the BMP-2 belongs to the superfamily. Meanwhile, the inexpensive, high yield rhBMP-2 is suitable for clinic application.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of ramipril on nitric oxide(NO) concentration and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) activation in lung of rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by monocrotaline(MCT).Methods Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group,MCT group and ramipril group.Rats in MCT group and ramipril group were subcutaneously injected with 60mg/kg of MCT.Then the rats in ramipril group received ramipril gavage and rats in MCT group received normal saline gavage for 4 weeks,respectively.Rats in control group were subcutaneously injected with normal saline first and then received normal saline gavage for 4 weeks.Right ventricular systolic pressure(RVSP) and right ventricle hypertrophy index(RVHI) were measured.The ratio of arteriol wall thickness/vascular external diameter(WT%) and wall area percentage(WA%) were evaluated.NO concentration in lung was determined.eNOS,P-Ser1177-eNOS and Akt phosphorylation were analyzed by Western blotting.Results The RVSP,RVHI,WT%,WA% were significantly increased,and NO concentration,the level of eNOS,P-Ser1177-eNOS,the state of Akt phosphorylation were significantly decreased in MCT group compared with that in control group(P